Canadian Multiculturalism Act. (1988)

http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-18.7/page-1.html#docCont

1. Background and Purpose:

   • Enacted in 1988, the Canadian Multiculturalism Act was a response to the changing demographics and increasing diversity within Canada.

   • It aimed to recognize and celebrate the cultural diversity of Canada while promoting equality and harmony among its citizens.

2. Definition of Multiculturalism:

   • The Act defines multiculturalism as "the recognition and promotion of the understanding that multiculturalism is a fundamental characteristic of the Canadian heritage and identity."

3. Recognition of Diversity:

   • The Act acknowledges that multiculturalism is an essential feature of Canadian society and that all citizens should be able to maintain and develop their cultural heritage.

4. Official Recognition:

   • It establishes multiculturalism as an official policy of the Canadian government, affirming the commitment to diversity and inclusion.

5. Responsibilities of Government Departments:

   • Various government departments and agencies are required to consider the multicultural nature of Canadian society when developing policies and programs.

   • They are also tasked with promoting the understanding and appreciation of Canada's multicultural heritage.

6. Promotion of Multiculturalism:

   • The Act encourages initiatives that foster intercultural understanding, combat discrimination, and promote the full and equitable participation of all individuals and communities in Canadian society.

7. Integration and Participation:

   • It emphasizes the importance of integration and participation of all cultural communities in the social, cultural, economic, and political life of Canada.

8. Support for Multiculturalism Programs:

   • The Act provides for financial support to organizations and initiatives that promote multiculturalism, including those aimed at education, cultural exchange, and community development.

9. Consultation and Cooperation:

   • It mandates the government to consult with multicultural organizations and community groups to ensure that policies and programs effectively address the needs and concerns of diverse communities.

10. Equality and Non-Discrimination:

    • The Act reaffirms the commitment to equality and non-discrimination, emphasizing the importance of respecting the rights and freedoms of all individuals regardless of their cultural background.

11. Public Awareness and Education:

    • Government agencies are tasked with promoting public awareness and understanding of multiculturalism through education, information campaigns, and other means.

12. Reporting and Accountability:

    • The Act requires the government to report annually to Parliament on its activities and progress in implementing multiculturalism policies and programs.

13. Amendments and Reviews:

    • The Act provides for periodic reviews and amendments to ensure its continued relevance and effectiveness in addressing the evolving needs and challenges of Canada's multicultural society.

14. Enforcement and Compliance:

    • It outlines mechanisms for enforcing compliance with the Act and addressing instances of discrimination or violation of multiculturalism principles.

15. Relation to Other Laws:

    • The Act specifies that it does not affect the operation of other laws relating to human rights, bilingualism, or the status of Indigenous peoples in Canada.

16. International Context:

    • The Act reflects Canada's commitment to multiculturalism on the international stage and aligns with various international agreements and declarations promoting diversity and cultural rights.

17. Symbolic Significance:

    • The Act holds symbolic significance as a statement of Canada's values and identity as a culturally diverse and inclusive society.

Overall, the Canadian Multiculturalism Act of 1988 serves as a legislative framework for promoting and protecting multiculturalism in Canada, emphasizing inclusivity, equality, and the recognition of diversity as fundamental to the country's identity and heritage.